down and out

At the end of one’s resources, destitute. The term is believed to be an American colloquialism that comes from boxing, where a fighter who is knocked down and stays down for a given time is judged the loser of the bout. O. Henry transferred it to a more general sort of loser in No Story (1909): “I’m the janitor and corresponding secretary of the Down- and-Out Club.” The English writer George Orwell used it as a title, Down and Out in Paris and London (1933), for a book about his experiences of poverty in those cities. The actor Orson Welles quipped, “When you are down and out something always turns up—and it is usually the noses of your friends” (New York Times, April 1, 1962).